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Last week, at the invitation of Wuxi Lingshan at the invitation of the National Association of Passenger Car Accessories and Shanghai Cheng Information Technology Co., Ltd., they participated in the “Five-Year Automotive Enterprise After Sales and Parts Summitâ€. Representatives from major auto companies, parts companies, and research institutions across the country all share a common understanding: Even though auto production and sales have consistently won the top prize in the world, they are all over the counter, and have no foundation because of Chinese auto parts. Industry can not be bigger and stronger, China will never become a car power! At best, it is just an overseas colonial factory of a multinational car company.
Nowadays, China’s automobile industry is the largest and the largest in the world. She is just like a huge "dinosaur" who can run wild from top to bottom, but it is regrettable that this huge "dinosaur" only has its own form. The "brain" and "heart and liver five internal organs" core are bought with the market for technology or simply use real white gold and silver, and take the initiative to foreigners to install or rely on foreign technology to integrate.
In this process, a series of policies and regulations promulgated by China have also contributed to the emergence and growth of this freakish freak as the current "dinosaur" giant. Since the reform and opening up to the present, Chinese auto companies have been indirectly or directly involved in Bosch, Valeo, TRW, ZF, Denso, TRW, BASF, Johnson Controls, Delphi, Visteon, Faurecia, Kumho, and South Korea. Thai, Goodyear, Pirelli, Dunlop, Bridgestone, Ukoma, Michelin and other multinational parts companies are working and earning Chinese people's hard-earned money!
In modern Chinese history, he was a famous political activist, enlightened thinker, bourgeois propagandist, educator, historian, and writer. Mr. Liang Qichao, one of the leaders of the Reform Movement (100th Days Reform), ardently hopes and looks forward to the Chinese youth, and he exclaims: “A boy of wisdom is a country boy, a young boy is a rich country boy, and a young boy is a country boy, a teenager. Independence is independent, juvenile freedom is freedom, and juvenile progress is progress."
With the acceleration of the global economic integration process, the opening degree of China's auto and auto parts market will further expand, more foreign-funded enterprises will enter the Chinese auto market, and market competition will become more fierce. The competition mode of the auto and auto parts market must have become Significant changes have taken place. Its symbol is that the auto parts industry has been driven by vehicle companies. The industrial chain has basically taken shape, and the agglomeration effect of the industry has already emerged.
Although China has become a global automobile production and sales country, this year will hit a record high of 21 million or more, but problems such as irrational industrial structure, low technical level, weak self-development capabilities and imperfect consumer policies remain prominent. Energy, environmental protection, and urban traffic Other constraints are increasingly apparent. In particular, foreign-funded parts and components companies in China continue to suppress the development of China's auto parts and components industry is very serious.
China's domestic auto parts industry is scattered, slow, and chaotic. The degree of industrial concentration is not high. The vast majority of small-scale enterprises do not have sufficient operating funds and lack research and development capabilities. They cannot develop advanced products that meet market demands. These problems have not only hindered the healthy development of China's spare parts industry, but also produced considerable restraints on the vehicle manufacturing industry.
At present, "China's auto parts market competition is still in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period. Basically, in all fields, there is an increasingly fierce competition. There is competition between local and international companies, and between different companies with different regional backgrounds. Competition and mutual penetration are also escalating."
Compared with self-owned brand enterprises, most foreign multinational auto parts companies are strong and have strong simultaneous development capabilities and simultaneous development opportunities, experience data accumulation, and a large amount of R&D capital investment in related supporting fields. On the contrary, Chinese auto parts companies mostly lack the ability to develop simultaneously, but only have the ability to develop by prototype or develop according to drawings, and the gap in the high-tech fields of components will increase.
The products and markets of independent Chinese auto parts companies that lack independent research and development capabilities and core technologies are mainly concentrated in the low-end, especially in the research and development and innovation of high-tech auto electronic products and electronically controlled mechanical parts and new products. insufficient.
In addition, in the field of high-end components, domestic companies cannot compete with international companies. Independent brands and joint venture auto companies do not bother with the technical concepts of local parts companies, even if the technologies of individual parts companies reach a certain level. However, under the same conditions, the entire vehicle company will still use multinational parts and components companies' products, which will eventually cause even the technical parts and components companies to fall into the plight of enterprises.
Especially in recent years, with the upgrading of the domestic auto industry, independent brands have entered the period of transformation and upgrading. However, due to the fact that domestic parts and components companies have not kept pace with the upgrading of independent brands, in the new round of competition, the joint venture parts companies are gradually engulfing the sphere of influence of the original parts and relying on the upgrading of China's consumer demand for foreign auto parts. While maintaining the original high-end product market, foreign auto parts companies are also actively developing low-cost products and constantly expanding into low-end and mid-range markets.
It is this strategy of multinational auto parts giants that makes their penetration rate in the Chinese auto industry higher and higher. In China, foreign auto parts companies have taken the lead in sizing in China, accelerating their investment in China and deepening their development. Local auto parts companies will increasingly take on the roles of multinational auto parts companies in China as second-tier suppliers.
The increase in the localization rate that multinational car companies have been pursuing has been achieved through the purchase of products from foreign component companies in China, and the independent internationalization of parts and components that independent brands have been advocating has gradually become a major component company in China. Get into the marginalized situation. As a result, only foreign parts manufacturers have moved their factories from abroad to China. Only the origin of parts and components has changed from foreign countries to China. The corresponding intellectual property, talent, and profits are still in the hands of foreign companies. Every day, every day, Chinese people The engraves are working for the foreign bosses.
In particular, in recent years, China has included new energy vehicles in strategic emerging industries. Under this situation, the establishment of new energy vehicles and key component industrial bases across the country has begun in an all-round manner, and new energy auto parts and components will become investment hot spots. Foreign investment in the field of new energy vehicles and key parts and components is continuously increasing, and it is almost entirely in control of its critical component assembly. According to relevant statistics, in the mature automobile markets such as Europe, America, Japan and South Korea, the total vehicle sales profit accounts for about 10% of the profits of the entire automobile industry. Parts suppliers account for about 30%, and the remaining 60% of profits are in the service market. produce.
At present, the importance of China's spare parts industry in the automotive industry is gradually increasing, and parts and components industry accounts for about 35% of the automotive industry, compared with the international level of 60%-70% is still low, indicating that it is still relatively Big room for growth. Currently, there are nearly 500 parts and components companies that have invested in China, and most of the world’s top 20 well-known auto parts companies have entered the China auto parts industry under foreign rule in the Chinese market through joint ventures or wholly-owned ventures.
At present, multinational auto parts companies control more than 90% of the core technologies in auto electronics and components such as engines and transmissions. The proportion of non-core parts such as auto interiors and car lights is also rising. Domestic auto parts companies that lack independent research and development capabilities and core technologies can only use their resources and cheap labor to gain market share.
Heavy-duty diesel engines are basically controlled by Cummins Inc. Cummins has established four companies in China: Dongfeng Cummins, Xi'an Cummins, Chongqing Cummins, and Futian Cummins. Cummins has almost monopolized the high-end heavy-duty diesel engine market in China.
High-pressure common rail EFI system is basically monopolized by all of China's EFI market share, such as Germany's Bosch, Delphi, and Denso. Among them, Bosch's market share exceeds 60%.
Heavy-duty vehicle transmissions are basically controlled by the two companies of the United States Eaton and ZF, Germany. The development and sales of global heavy-duty transmissions have almost monopolized the Chinese heavy-duty transmission market. Both international transmission giants have set up factories in China. The car transmission is basically controlled by Toyota's Aisin Corporation and has extended its reach to every corner of the Chinese automobile industry. Whether it is a joint venture or an independent car company, Aisin has become the only choice.
The interior and exterior parts of the automobile are basically multinational giants represented by Johnson Controls, Delphi, Delphi, Visteon, Weibbaste, and Faurecia France. They not only manufacture seats, dashboards, armrests, and door trims for domestic automakers. Interior trims, bumpers, lights, wipers, air conditioners and other interior and exterior parts are also involved in interior and exterior design at the beginning of vehicle design. These companies design and manufacture interior and exterior components for almost all domestic passenger car manufacturers.
Tire basically from the low-end Korean Kumho, South Korea and the United States to the mid-range Goodyear, Italy Pirelli, Japan's Dunlop, Bridgestone, Yuke Hao Ma, and then to the high-end French Michelin, and both are all foreign investment. The market for domestic tires is mostly confined to bottom-end minibuses, mini-trucks, light trucks, light buses and agricultural vehicles.
From self-owned brands to joint-venture brands, from cars to trucks, from gasoline cars to diesel cars, Chinese consumers will contribute thousands or tens of thousands of yuan in profits to each of these foreign companies. With the continuous expansion of China's entire vehicle sales market, profits from foreign investment in the foreign-owned parts and components industry will surely increase, resulting in full profitability. However, as long as Chinese domestic auto companies can “integrate global carmaking resourcesâ€, they can find out the shame of a full vehicle.
Since the new millennium, the Chinese auto market has developed rapidly. Corresponding to its high growth, multinational auto parts companies have entered a new round of investment peaks. In particular, with the upgrading of the Chinese auto industry, automakers of their own brands have entered a period of transformation and upgrading. As local auto parts companies have not kept pace with the upgrade of auto brands, in the new round of competition, foreign auto parts companies are Gradually engulf the sphere of influence of local auto parts companies.
As in the past 10 years, Bosch has achieved a compound annual growth rate of more than 25% in China, of which only 2012 sales reached 41.7 billion yuan, accounting for 10% of its global sales. At present, China has become Bosch's largest overseas market. Bosch plans to continue to increase investment in the Chinese market, and plans to increase investment by about 3 billion yuan in auto technologies and aftermarkets this year alone. Last year, its own branded business accounted for over 60% of Bosch's business in China. It is expected that the extent of future dependence on Bosch technology will not decrease but will increase.
In 2012, French auto parts giant Valeo China has exceeded 10 billion yuan in sales, accounting for 10% of group sales. The company expects this number to double by 2015, when China will become its largest overseas market. At present, Valeo has established 22 factories in China.
In 2012, German ZF company's profit level in the Chinese market was almost the same as in North America, and even exceeded its level. The ZF business vehicle division's performance in China increased by more than 28% from the previous year. In 2012, ZFDS sales revenue was 90.5 million euros, an increase of 20% year-on-year, far ahead of the industry. ZF plans to re-launch two production bases in China this year.
In 2012, TRW TRW in China had already accounted for nearly 20% of the company's global business. Due to the rapid development of China's business, TRW TRW's growth rate in China is much higher than expected. Each year TRW has to invest an additional 100 million US dollars, China's business has accounted for 15% of the company's global business, more than TRW in the world. The amount of investment in any country.
In 2012, Delphi's Asia Pacific region accounted for nearly 20% of global sales, of which China's market accounted for more than two-thirds, the goal is to increase this share to 30%; to put one-third of the world's diesel systems Product capacity in China. Delphi has 26 operating agencies in China and has production facilities in Shanghai and Suzhou. Currently, Delphi has invested more than US$500 million in China.
In view of the optimistic expectations of the overall market for China’s entire vehicle, multinational auto parts companies have started a new wave of investment over the years and have accelerated their investment and distribution in the Chinese market. At the same time, the in-depth local strategy focuses on the establishment of a Chinese market. The purpose of the localized R&D center is to expect high input and high returns, indicating its strong confidence in the future of the Chinese auto market.
The giants of multinational auto parts not only established their own R&D centers in China, but also cultivated themselves in the localized market. This strategy and tactics of foreign-owned parts giants have made their penetration rate in the automotive industry in China increasingly high, monopolization and control. The influence is also growing, and the Chinese auto industry is getting deeper and deeper in the marshes of overseas parts, unable to resist and compete with it and quickly decline.
Undoubtedly, the stronger the local capabilities of multinational corporations, the more pressure will be placed on the competition for local auto parts companies, and it will become a catalyst to destroy China's auto parts industry, which has completely changed the pattern of China's existing parts and components companies. After the Chinese spare parts enterprises continued to use vehicle and commercial vehicle vehicle companies, they have already fallen into foreign appendages and overseas colonial workshops. The Chinese auto industry can only make up the world's largest market and has no hope of becoming a car power. 