I. Introduction Our country is rich in bauxite resources, high aluminum, high silicon features, can not meet the requirements of Bayer process alumina production. The high-aluminum-silicon ratio concentrate is obtained by desiliconization using a cost-effective beneficiation technology , and the alumina is produced by the Bayer process after the concentrate is selected, that is, the benefaction -Bayer method is to enhance the survival and competitiveness of the alumina industry in China in the near future. An important way to be full of energy. In the fine material sorting technology, the flotation machine used to be a commonly used device. However, with the development of lean and fine bauxite resources, the disadvantages of the flotation machine for the low efficiency of fine material sorting are more obvious, which results in the complicated sorting process and high production cost, which in turn affects the bauxite ore dressing technology. Promotion. The cyclone-static microbubble flotation column independently developed by China University of Mining and Technology has formed an ideal sorting effect on fine-grained materials due to its unique design and mineralization of materials. Through years of continuous innovation, China University of Mining and developed a series of microbubble column sorting equipment and simple separation process, widely used in coal mines, metal ore and non-metallic ore field, we have achieved remarkable social and economic benefits. This paper is based on the cyclone-static microbubble flotation column for the separation of bauxite to explore its application effect and prospects in the bauxite classification. Second, the nature of the ore The ore used in this experiment was collected from a mining area in Henan. The A/S of the bauxite ore in the mining area is generally 5.2-5.7. Representative raw ore is taken for chemical composition and phase analysis, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. Table 1 Results of chemical analysis of ore (%) and A/S Al 2 0 3 SiO 2 Fe 2 O 3 TiO 2 CaO MgO K 2 O Na 2 O A/S 61.9 11.22 7.37 3.24 0.39 0.15 1.5 0.12 5.52 Table 2 Mineral composition of ore (%) Bauxite Kaolinite Illite Hematite Anatase Rutile Calcite 62.86 9.7 14.35 6.67 2.52 0.74 Trace It can be seen from Table 1 that the bauxite in the mining area is a medium-low-grade bauxite ore. In addition to the high impurity content of SiO 2 in the process of producing alumina by alkali method, the harmful impurities such as iron minerals and TiO 2 are also relatively high. Further analysis can be done in the product if necessary and appropriate methods can be used to weaken the impact of both. It can be seen from Table 2 that the main gangue minerals in the bauxite of the mining area are kaolinite and illite. Third, experimental equipment and pharmacy The ore crushing and grinding are respectively carried out by XMQ-240×90 jaw crusher and small ball mill . The sorting system adopts Φ75mm×2000mm cyclone-static microbubble flotation column as the main sorting equipment, Φ300mm×450mm mixing tank as the mixing equipment, and adopts the hot water pump with the power of 0.75kw as the medium mine circulating pump, using two models. The BT00-600M peristaltic pump is used as a feed pump and a tail pump respectively. Laboratory analysis and other ancillary equipment are not repeated here. The device connection diagram of the sorting system is shown in Figure 1. In the experiment, Na 2 CO 3 as a pH adjusting agent, sodium hexametaphosphate as a dispersant and a phosphorus inhibitors, collectors of BK-420. IV . Main body sorting equipment vortex-static microbubble flotation column sorting method and principle The principle of sorting of the cyclone-static microbubble flotation column is shown in Fig. 2. The main structure includes a column separation section, a cyclone separation section, a bubble generation and a tube flotation section. The entire flotation column is a column, and the column separation section is located in the upper part of the column for pre-selection of raw materials, and high-quality concentrate is obtained by virtue of its selective advantage; the hydrocyclone connected by the column-cone is used in the cyclone separation section. The structure is connected to the column separation section in a straight-through connection between the upper and lower structures. From the cyclone separation angle, the column separation section corresponds to the enlarged cyclone overflow tube. At the top of the column separation section, a spray water pipe and a foam concentrate collection tank are arranged; the feed point is located in the upper middle part of the column separation section, and finally the tailings are discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separation section. The bubble generator is directly connected with the tube flotation section and is separately arranged outside the cylinder body; the outflow is connected to the cylinder of the cyclone separation section in a tangential direction, which is equivalent to the tangential feed tube of the cyclone. The principle advantages of this flotation column are as follows: 1) Combining flotation and re-election methods to form a comprehensive force field advantage and improving sorting efficiency; 2) Forming multiple cycle enhancement with re-election and flotation as the core Sorting chain; 3) supersaturated dissolved gas precipitation and formation of microbubbles by high-efficiency jet blistering; 4) mixing and filling of filler and sieve plate, constitute a "static" separation environment inside the column. V. Experimental study on mineral processing After preliminary research experiments with flotation machine, according to the characteristics of strong separation, high enrichment ratio and strong selectivity of the cyclone-static microbubble flotation column, the sorting process determined is a rough selection. A selection process, due to laboratory constraints, uses an open process. The experimental process is shown in Figure 3. (1) Determination of grinding particle size Due to the presence of a diaspore-rich aggregate in bauxite ore, and desiliconization of bauxite ore does not require complete monomer dissociation, in order to reduce the unnecessary power consumption of the grinding and the effect of mineral mud, bauxite The particle size of the flotation drug can be controlled in the range of -200 mesh to 75-80%. Due to the swirling-static microbubble flotation column, there is an advantage in the fine particle sorting, so the grinding particle size composition of the flotation feed is -200 mesh and accounts for 80%. After crushing the ore to -3mm, 300 parts of 1kg ore sample was taken as the experimental sample, and then the grinding experiment was carried out, and the grinding particle size curve was drawn as shown in Fig. 4, from which it was found that -200 mesh accounted for 80%. The material composition requires a grinding time of 10 min. Further gravimetric analysis of the obtained milled mineral material was carried out at a grinding time of 10 min, and the results are shown in Table 3. It can be seen that the ratio of +0.5mm grade aluminum to silicon is obviously high, which can be directly used as concentrate, which meets the requirements. Table 3 - Grinding particle size composition and grade analysis at 80% of 200 mesh Particle size Quality (g) Percentage Aluminum to silicon ratio >0.5 55.0 5.50% 10.57 0.5-0.125 82.1 8.21% 5.78 0.125-0.074 102.3 10.23% 6.31 0.074-0.045 118.9 11.89% 6.43 <0.045 641.7 64.17% 5.64 (2) Separation conditions experiment By consulting the relevant data, we generally control the pH value in the experiment between 9 and 10. This is because when pH < 8.5, the total interaction between the kaolinite layer and the end surface is attractive. A strong agglomerate is formed; when the pH>9, the total interaction potential energy of the kaolinite particles is positive, which is a repulsive effect, and the dispersion between the particles is better. For the sodium hexametaphosphate, which has both inhibitory effect on the dispersant, the increase in the amount is not conducive to the positive flotation separation of the boehmite and kaolinite. This is because the kaolinite has less aluminum activity and a lower amount of hexagonal bias. Sodium phosphate covers the aluminum active site on the kaolinite, thereby inhibiting the collector's capture of kaolinite. Therefore, in the positive flotation, the amount of dispersant sodium hexametaphosphate should be kept at a low level in order to better achieve the separation of diaspore and kaolinite [10] . Therefore, in the experiment, we adopted a strategy of little or no addition, and through experiments, it was found that the effect of the change in the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate between the small amount and the non-addition was not very obvious. Since the bauxite mine is using the soap collector in the positive flotation, increasing the slurry temperature plays an important role in reducing the drug consumption and obtaining better flotation indexes. Generally, the temperature of the pulp is kept at about 42 °C, which is determined by factors such as higher melting point of fatty acids and poor water solubility of the oxidized paraffin soap. The above conditions were determined not only by consulting the relevant literature, but also by the experimental process. Because it is not the leading analytical factor for future large-scale, I will not do too much analysis here. The following three experiments will be mainly introduced on the amount of collector, the amount of treatment, and the fineness of grinding. 1, collector dosage experiment The pH is controlled between 9 and 10. The collected doses and corresponding indicators are shown in Table 4. Table 4 Sorting conditions under different collector dosages Collector (g/t) Inhibitor (g/t) A/S Recovery rate Rough selection Featured Featured Flotation concentrate Selected tailings Rough selection of tailings 1800 250 18 10.55 1.95 1.49 87.04 1800 250 11.66 1.82 1.42 89.71 1600 250 8.35 1.83 1.62 85.35 1300 250 7.73 1.69 1.64 88.69 1100 250 10.96 2.40 2.00 72.92 From Table 4, we can see that the effect of the collector shows a very obvious change in the tailings (referring to the rough tailings, the same below): as the amount of collector decreases, the tailings A/S gradually increases. . The recovery rate is in addition to the point of 1600g/t. It also meets the change rule of the recovery rate with the amount of collector under normal conditions. The main reason is that the diameter of the flotation column used in the laboratory is small, so the wall effect is large, resulting in large loss of the agent. Other influencing factors in the experiment cannot be simply ignored. From one of the comparative experiments, it was found that the effect of the inhibitor sodium hexametaphosphate was not obvious. Through experiments, we found that in the case of 1800g/t of coarse-grained collector and 250g/t of selection, a good sorting index can be obtained. It can be seen that the flotation column has a good application prospect. Since the experiment is an open circuit, the recovery rate has room for improvement. The recovery rate will increase after closed circuit, but the concentrate A/S ratio will decrease slightly. 2, processing volume experiment The pH was controlled between 9 and 10 during the treatment volume experiment. No inhibitor was added in the experiment. The feed pump readings were used to obtain different treatment amounts. The specific results are shown in Table 5. The amount of processing in Table 5 is calculated. Table 5 Processing volume and sorting indicator table Collector (g/t) Feed pump reading Processing capacity (Kg/h) A/S Recovery rate Rough selection Featured Featured Flotation concentrate Selected tailings Rough selection of tailings 1800 250 60 3.6 11.66 1.82 1.42 89.71 1800 250 80 4.8 9.51 1.6 1.48 91.91 1800 250 100 5.7 9.39 1.83 1.57 84.67 1800 250 120 6.7 10.18 1.72 1.66 83.86 Through the table 5 processing volume and sorting indicator table, we can see that with the increase of the processing volume, the flotation concentrate index deteriorates, the tailings A/S increases, and the recovery rate decreases, mainly because of the treatment. The increase in the amount leads to a shortening of the flotation time, so that the slurry is not sufficiently sorted, so that the sorting effect is deteriorated. 3. Grinding fineness experiment The amount of the agent added and the amount of the treatment were the same, and the sorting indexes under different grinding fineness are shown in Table 6. Table 6 Sorting indicators under different grinding fineness -200 mesh content (%) A/S Recovery rate Flotation concentrate Selected tailings Rough selection of tailings 75 9.06 1.65 1.45 86.63 80 9.77 1.63 1.56 85.94 85 11.66 1.82 1.42 89.71 95 8.31 1.83 1.52 83.05 If the grinding experiment is too fine, the fine mud will increase, and then the muddy phenomenon will affect the sorting system, which will make the index worse; if it is too thick, it may make the dissociation insufficient. From Table 6, it is best to see the grinding fineness - 200 mesh accounted for 85% of the sorting index. However, through the previous experiments, we can see that the sorting index is good when the -200 mesh accounts for 80%. However, because the sorting system is too small, the index fluctuation is relatively large, so for the flotation column with better fine particle processing effect, When it is treated with bauxite, it is better to control the grinding particle size between -80 mesh and 80-85%. Summary Through experiments we can see that the swirling-static microbubble flotation column still has a good application prospect in sorting bauxite. A/S 11.66 flotation concentrate, A/S 1.42 coarse tailings and nearly 90% recovery sorting index can be obtained after two coarse and one fine sorting. Resource utilization is a big advantage. Since this experiment is an exploratory experiment, detailed research has not been carried out on the amount of inhibitors and temperature changes, and further improvement is needed in this aspect.
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