[ China Instrument Network Instrumentation Industry ] The lack of water resources has become increasingly serious. Increasing water use efficiency, including reducing leakage rates, has been the focus of the government's governance. China also set a 2017 public water supply pipeline leakage rate to be controlled within 12%. NB-IoT is applied to smart meters and can effectively solve the problems of traditional wiring, equipment costs, environmental requirements, and energy consumption, making the meter stable and reliable.
According to the China Measurement Association, China's per capita water consumption is about 2,100 cubic meters, and the lack of water resources is increasing. Current water supply equipment is aging, technology and management methods are lagging behind, and the leakage rate remains high: The average water leakage rate in 654 cities across China exceeds 15% and the highest is more than 70%, especially in rural areas. Article IX of Article 10 of China’s “Water Ten Article†stipulates that the use of water supply pipelines that have been used for more than 50 years and that have poor materials should be renewed and reformed. By 2017, the leakage rate of public water supply pipelines in the country should be controlled within 12%; by 2020 , control within 10%.
In addition, due to the full implementation of differentiated water prices, water demand has been released. In the National Development and Reform Commission of China, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Establishment and Improvement of the Urban Residents' Water Consumption Ladder Price System," and implemented a comprehensive implementation of the differential urban water price system. The opinion pointed out: In principle, the city should implement the differential water pricing system for residents; in addition, the towns with the established conditions must actively promote it. Due to the differential water price requirements for meter reading in real time, timing, successful copying, accurate data, automatic billing, etc., these functions require the assistance of smart water meters to achieve. Therefore, water management has changed from the original manual meter reading and pipeline management to integrated integrated Internet of Things management such as automatic meter reading, big data office, pipeline water supply science dispatch system, geographic information system, and water pressure/water quality monitoring system. system. Smart water meter is one of the core of the Internet of Things system.
NB-IoT floor boosts smart water meter
NB-IoT has become one of the most promising IoT technologies. It can be deployed directly on GSM, 4G, or LTE networks, and it can be deployed on 5G networks in the future. Therefore, NB-IoT networks will occupy the largest number of operators worldwide IoT. Some applications. It is expected that the number of low-rate wide area network connections will account for about 60% of the total number of IoT connections. As far as the specific application is concerned, considering that the NB-IoT technology is mainly used in the low-power wide-area IoT communication field, the real-time performance of data is combined with it. Insensitive characteristics, areas such as smart meter reading, soil environmental monitoring, and object tracking that have strict requirements on the environment and energy consumption will be very suitable. In addition, the construction of smart cities represented by parking lots, street lights, trash cans, fire hydrants, etc. will also become typical application scenarios for NB-IoT.
NB-IoT is applied to smart meters and can effectively solve the problems of traditional wiring, equipment costs, environmental requirements, and energy consumption, making the meter stable and reliable. It shares with existing 4G base stations, does not occupy extra network and data bandwidth, ensures the stable operation of traditional services, and can be combined with emerging Internet of Things applications. In the application of smart meter reading, GPRS network is used to send data at this stage. One base station can only load more than 300 water meters at the same time. After adopting NB-IoT technology, a base station can simultaneously carry data transmitted by 50,000 water meters.
Water for Life and Agriculture Drives the Development Potential of Smart Water Meters
The smart water meter is not only the most widely distributed basic data source of the water industry, but also the terminal device closely connected with the people's life. Due to water leakage, low measurement accuracy, and management loopholes, China Water's operating losses are relatively large. According to China's average annual water supply of 600 billion tons, the average water supply price is RMB 2 per ton, and the use of smart water meter solutions can reduce production and sales losses or bad debts by about 5%, with an output value of approximately RMB 60 billion.
China's agricultural water consumption accounts for about 70% of the total water consumption. Given the maturation of IoT technology in the agricultural sector and the increase in new efficient and water-saving irrigation areas, according to publicly available data, China's efficient water-saving irrigation market will increase annually during the “13th Five-Year Plan†period. The market size is expected to exceed 40 billion yuan, and the entire market is about 244 billion yuan.
Figure 1 Market Scale and Growth Trend of Smart Meter Industry from 2016 to 2020
According to publicly available data, the current total penetration rate of China's smart water meters is about 22%, and annual sales volume is 15 million units. With the implementation of national policies and the application of NB-IoT water meters, it is predicted that smart water meters will grow at a rate of 30%, and it is expected that the market size of smart water meters will continue to grow steadily and significantly in the next five years (Figure 1). The smart metering of enhanced flow data capture not only brings potential data assets to the water industry, but it can also be further integrated with platforms such as property management, distribution systems, and financial systems to create unlimited possibilities.
Smart Water Solution Architecture
At present, there are also industrial companies that have launched smart water service solutions (Figure 2) to build a complete suite of IoT solutions built around water companies' deepened operational needs. The solutions include terminals, cloud computing, IoT platforms, and water applications, and will use the above technologies. Huge amount of water information is collected, analyzed and processed to help water companies improve operational efficiency.
Figure 2 Eco-Intelligent Water System Architecture
The terminal equipment is the basis of the Internet of Things. Through the integration and transformation of existing water plant equipment, it can be controlled, including: water meters, water quality monitoring, pressure change, flow meters, frequency conversion equipment and other water terminals. Among them, the smart meter integrates the NB-IoT standard module and uploads the information to the cloud IoT platform through the base station. The IoT platform provides basic functions such as connection, equipment, and data management, and supports the rapid access and application integration of a variety of water terminal equipment. Industrial applications do not need to care about the terminal's physical connection and data transmission methods, and implement terminal object management. The platform also provides data acquisition, classification, structured storage, usage analysis, configuration, and report generation to meet the rapid development needs of water applications.
Water application is the upper control core presented by the IoT solution industry users. It obtains data from the terminal layer through the Internet of Things platform, and finally forms unified water management data through the network layer and cloud computing platform. In terms of water supply management, there are frequency conversion equipment, control valves, pressure change, site video monitoring, etc.; in terms of pipeline monitoring, there are water quality monitoring, pipeline information, water-saving management, zoning, etc.; in terms of smart water meter management, there are water meters. Basic information management, billing management, data analysis, etc.
NB-IoT Intelligent Water Meter System
The NB-IoT chip module supplier, CxinTone, has effectively operated 15,000 units of smart water meters used in Lanzhou. Each water meter sends water data to the local integrated water management platform every 2 days through the NB-IoT module. Collected 225,000 data. The water meter itself has the functions of magnetic interference identification and reed switch technology failure warning. It has a long overall standby time, low-voltage prompts, power-off protection, and year-limited management. It avoids the short range, power consumption, and signal coverage of traditional wireless water meters. Small and other shortcomings. The water meter records data for long-term preservation, valid for up to 10 years.
NB-IoT technology has the characteristics of low terminal power consumption, wide signal coverage, no self-built network, and easy access to the network. The meter can be automatically read to improve the real-time performance and accuracy, making it easy to differentiate the cost rate. Implementation, promote water efficiency, save water. At present, the smart meter service platform can further analyze water consumption habits of different groups in addition to functions such as water meter reading, pipeline monitoring, etc., discover abnormal water conditions, improve troubleshooting efficiency and user satisfaction, and achieve greater efficiency. Guide the construction and transformation of the water supply network, with features such as comprehensive sensing, interconnection, intelligent decision-making, and active service.
China's water meter industry has listed NB-IoT technology as an important application technology for the meter industry during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, formulated related standards and technical solutions, conducted pilot operations before large-scale promotion, and promoted NB-IoT technology in smart water supply. The application (Figure 3).
Fig. 3 Forecast of smart water and gas meter connections in 2017-2022 (Source: ABI report)
China manages more than 4,000 water companies that are relatively independent. Most of the waterworks budget is used for the maintenance of water supply pipelines. It is difficult to have sufficient funds to purchase and deploy smart water meter systems. As a result, most of the water meter companies have limited R&D smart products. . At present, there are more than 600 water meter suppliers in China, but the scale is mostly limited. Therefore, the development of smart water meters is not obvious. However, with the increasing demand for smart water meters and the support of policies, water meter manufacturers that can provide comprehensive performance are expected to gradually increase their industrial status and market shipment ratio.
(Original title: Water Resources Wisdom Applicable to NB-IoT Wisdom Water Meter Full Startup)
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